面试题答案
一键面试基于KtLint扩展机制创建自定义规则
- 创建规则类:
- 继承
Rule
类,例如:
import com.pinterest.ktlint.core.Rule import org.jetbrains.kotlin.com.intellij.lang.ASTNode import org.jetbrains.kotlin.psi.KtFile class CustomCodePatternRule : Rule("custom - code - pattern - rule") { override fun visit(file: KtFile, node: ASTNode) { // 在这里实现对特定代码模式的检查逻辑 // 例如,检查特定函数名是否符合规范 node.acceptChildren { childNode -> if (childNode.elementType.toString() == "FUNCTION") { val functionName = childNode.text if (!functionName.matches(Regex("^[a - z]+[A - Z0 - 9]*\$"))) { report(childNode, "Function name should follow the pattern: lowercase start, then alphanumeric.") } } } } }
- 继承
- 注册规则:
- 创建一个
RuleSetProvider
实现类,例如:
import com.pinterest.ktlint.core.Rule import com.pinterest.ktlint.core.RuleSet import com.pinterest.ktlint.core.RuleSetProvider class CustomRuleSetProvider : RuleSetProvider { override fun get(): RuleSet { val customRules = listOf<Rule>(CustomCodePatternRule()) return RuleSet("custom - rule - set", customRules) } }
- 创建一个
- 配置KtLint使用自定义规则:
- 在
build.gradle.kts
中添加依赖:
dependencies { implementation("com.pinterest:ktlint:0.43.2") }
- 配置KtLint任务,使其使用自定义规则集:
tasks.register("ktlintCustomCheck") { group = "verification" description = "Check Kotlin code style using custom rules" doLast { val ruleSetProvider = CustomRuleSetProvider() val ktlint = KtLint(ruleSetProvider.get()) ktlint.lint(projectDir) } }
- 在
检查模块间依赖
- 使用工具辅助:
- 可以使用
Detekt
等工具辅助检查模块间依赖。首先在build.gradle.kts
中添加Detekt
依赖:
plugins { id("io.gitlab.arturbosch.detekt") version "1.19.0" } detekt { config = files("$rootDir/config/detekt.yml") buildUponDefaultConfig = true reports { xml { enabled = true destination = file("$buildDir/reports/detekt/detekt.xml") } html { enabled = true destination = file("$buildDir/reports/detekt/detekt.html") } } }
- 在
detekt.yml
配置文件中定义模块间依赖规则,例如限制某个模块不能依赖特定模块:
rules: - name: NoSpecificModuleDependency id: no - specific - module - dependency active: true configuration: dependency: "com.example:specific - module" message: "This module should not depend on com.example:specific - module" severity: error
- 可以使用
集成到CI/CD流程
- 使用GitHub Actions:
- 在
.github/workflows
目录下创建一个.yaml
文件,例如ktlint - detekt - ci.yml
:
name: Kotlin Code Style and Dependency Check on: push: branches: - main jobs: ktlint - check: runs - on: ubuntu - latest steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Set up JDK 11 uses: actions/setup - java@v2 with: java - version: '11' - name: Gradle KtLint Check run:./gradlew ktlintCustomCheck detekt - check: runs - on: ubuntu - latest steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Set up JDK 11 uses: actions/setup - java@v2 with: java - version: '11' - name: Gradle Detekt Check run:./gradlew detekt
- 在
- 使用其他CI/CD工具:
- GitLab CI/CD:在
.gitlab-ci.yml
中配置类似的检查步骤,例如:
image: gradle:latest stages: - check ktlint - check: stage: check script: -./gradlew ktlintCustomCheck detekt - check: stage: check script: -./gradlew detekt
- CircleCI:在
.circleci/config.yml
中配置:
version: 2.1 jobs: ktlint - check: docker: - image: cimg/openjdk:11.0.13 steps: - checkout - run:./gradlew ktlintCustomCheck detekt - check: docker: - image: cimg/openjdk:11.0.13 steps: - checkout - run:./gradlew detekt workflows: version: 2 build - and - test: jobs: - ktlint - check - detekt - check
- GitLab CI/CD:在
通过以上步骤,可以基于Kotlin现有的静态检查框架创建自定义规则,并集成到项目的CI/CD流程中,保证团队代码的一致性和规范性。