- 主要步骤:
- 设计用户界面:在布局文件(如
activity_main.xml
)中添加用于输入数据的视图,比如EditText
用于文本输入,Button
用于触发插入操作。
- 获取输入数据:在对应的Activity中,通过
findViewById
方法找到布局中的视图,并获取用户输入的数据。
- 创建数据库连接:使用
SQLiteOpenHelper
类及其子类来创建和管理数据库连接。
- 插入数据到表中:通过
SQLiteDatabase
对象的insert
方法将获取到的数据插入到数据库表中。
- 关键代码片段:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="输入姓名"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_age"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="输入年龄"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_insert"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="插入数据"/>
</LinearLayout>
- Activity代码(MainActivity.java):
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText editTextName;
private EditText editTextAge;
private Button buttonInsert;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
editTextName = findViewById(R.id.editText_name);
editTextAge = findViewById(R.id.editText_age);
buttonInsert = findViewById(R.id.button_insert);
buttonInsert.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String name = editTextName.getText().toString();
String age = editTextAge.getText().toString();
DatabaseHelper databaseHelper = new DatabaseHelper(MainActivity.this);
SQLiteDatabase db = databaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
// 插入数据
long newRowId = db.insert("users", null,
databaseHelper.createContentValues(name, age));
if (newRowId != -1) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "数据插入成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "数据插入失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
db.close();
}
});
}
}
- SQLiteOpenHelper子类(DatabaseHelper.java):
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "my_db.db";
private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
public static final String TABLE_NAME = "users";
public static final String COLUMN_ID = "_id";
public static final String COLUMN_NAME = "name";
public static final String COLUMN_AGE = "age";
public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
String CREATE_TABLE = "CREATE TABLE " + TABLE_NAME + " (" +
COLUMN_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " +
COLUMN_NAME + " TEXT, " +
COLUMN_AGE + " TEXT)";
db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME);
onCreate(db);
}
public ContentValues createContentValues(String name, String age) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(COLUMN_NAME, name);
values.put(COLUMN_AGE, age);
return values;
}
}