整体设计思路
- 抽象异常处理策略:定义一个接口表示异常处理策略,不同的实现类对应不同的处理方式,如记录日志、抛出特定异常、进行重试等。
- 动态配置:通过配置文件(如JSON、XML)或动态管理接口来加载和更新异常处理策略。
- 自适应场景:根据不同的应用场景(如网络通信、文件I/O等),允许在运行时切换异常处理策略。
- 扩展性:采用模块化设计,便于添加新的异常处理策略和场景适配逻辑。
关键模块
- 异常处理策略接口(ExceptionHandlerStrategy):
public interface ExceptionHandlerStrategy {
void handleException(IOException exception);
}
- 具体异常处理策略实现类:
- 日志记录策略(LoggingExceptionHandler):
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
public class LoggingExceptionHandler implements ExceptionHandlerStrategy {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(LoggingExceptionHandler.class.getName());
@Override
public void handleException(IOException exception) {
LOGGER.log(Level.SEVERE, "An exception occurred", exception);
}
}
- **重试策略(RetryExceptionHandler)**:
import java.io.IOException;
public class RetryExceptionHandler implements ExceptionHandlerStrategy {
private final int maxRetries;
public RetryExceptionHandler(int maxRetries) {
this.maxRetries = maxRetries;
}
@Override
public void handleException(IOException exception) {
for (int i = 0; i < maxRetries; i++) {
try {
// 这里假设存在一个可重试的操作
performRetryableOperation();
return;
} catch (IOException e) {
if (i == maxRetries - 1) {
throw new RuntimeException("Max retries reached", e);
}
}
}
}
private void performRetryableOperation() throws IOException {
// 实际的可重试操作
}
}
- 异常处理策略管理器(ExceptionHandlerStrategyManager):
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class ExceptionHandlerStrategyManager {
private static final Map<String, ExceptionHandlerStrategy> strategies = new HashMap<>();
public static void registerStrategy(String name, ExceptionHandlerStrategy strategy) {
strategies.put(name, strategy);
}
public static ExceptionHandlerStrategy getStrategy(String name) {
return strategies.get(name);
}
}
- 配置加载模块(ConfigurationLoader):
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ConfigurationLoader {
public static void loadConfiguration(String filePath) {
try (FileReader reader = new FileReader(filePath)) {
JsonObject jsonObject = JsonParser.parseReader(reader).getAsJsonObject();
String strategyName = jsonObject.get("strategy").getAsString();
ExceptionHandlerStrategy strategy;
if ("logging".equals(strategyName)) {
strategy = new LoggingExceptionHandler();
} else if ("retry".equals(strategyName)) {
int maxRetries = jsonObject.get("maxRetries").getAsInt();
strategy = new RetryExceptionHandler(maxRetries);
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported strategy: " + strategyName);
}
ExceptionHandlerStrategyManager.registerStrategy(strategyName, strategy);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
- 场景适配器(ScenarioAdapter):
import java.io.IOException;
public class ScenarioAdapter {
private final String scenario;
private ExceptionHandlerStrategy strategy;
public ScenarioAdapter(String scenario) {
this.scenario = scenario;
}
public void setStrategy(ExceptionHandlerStrategy strategy) {
this.strategy = strategy;
}
public void handleException(IOException exception) {
if (strategy != null) {
strategy.handleException(exception);
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("No strategy configured for scenario: " + scenario);
}
}
}
模块交互方式
- 初始化:
- 应用启动时,
ConfigurationLoader
加载配置文件,根据配置创建具体的ExceptionHandlerStrategy
实例,并通过ExceptionHandlerStrategyManager
注册。
- 场景适配:
- 不同的应用场景创建各自的
ScenarioAdapter
实例,通过ExceptionHandlerStrategyManager
获取对应的ExceptionHandlerStrategy
并设置到ScenarioAdapter
中。
- 异常处理:
- 当在NIO Buffer操作中出现
IOException
时,调用ScenarioAdapter
的handleException
方法,由注册的ExceptionHandlerStrategy
执行具体的异常处理逻辑。